list of dictatorship countries

[13] After power is seized, the group must determine what positions its members will hold in the new government and how this government will operate, sometimes resulting in disagreements that split the group. [68] The Spanish American wars of independence took place in the early-19th century, creating many new Latin American governments. While common in the 20th century, the prominence of military dictatorships declined in the 1970s and 1980s. whether a majority vote in the legislature can remove the sitting government without cause. His economic plans have been praised by leaders like Kemal Pasha. [8]:456, The second distinction made is whether the head of state is popularly elected for a fixed term. List of Famous Dictators - Ranker - Lists About Everything Voted On By [138] A study found that dictatorships that engage in oil drilling are more likely to remain in power, with 70.63% of the dictators who engage in oil drilling still being in power after 5 years of dictatorship, while only 59.92% of the non-oil producing dictators survive the first 5 years. Dictatorship Countries List? - The Divine Writer [47] Personalist dictatorships also experience growth differently, as they often lack the institutions or qualified leadership to sustain an economy. Keep note that the head of state, chief executive, government, and legislatures can have their official names be seemingly contradictory to this classification. [145] Opposition parties in dictatorships may be restricted by preventing them from campaigning, banning more popular opposition parties, preventing opposition members from forming a party, or requiring that candidates be a member of the ruling party. ( 1, 2, 3) 5 Paul Kagame, the 60-year-old President of Rwanda, has been in power since 1994 when his rebel army ended the genocide which had killed 800,000 people. They are more likely to end in violence and less likely to democratize than other forms of dictatorship. Preference falsification, Internal politics, data scarcity, and restriction of media are just a few examples of the dangers of a personalistic authoritarian regime. Therefore, it is impossible to know if the regime is a democracy or a dictatorship, so DD Index considers them dictatorships until an alternation in power occurs. Hybrid dictatorships blend elements of the other four types. Many are noted for their cruelty, while others are honored as national heroes. [97], The Middle East was decolonized during the Cold War, and many nationalist movements gained strength post-independence. 15 Countries with Dictatorships Today (Or on Their Way to Dictatorships [106], The nature of dictatorship changed in much of the world at the onset of the 21st century. [8]:455 Sometimes sitting governments will attach a vote of no confidence clause to a piece of legislation they want passed, effectively tying the survival of the government on the piece of legislation. Imelda Marcos. [131] A military coup is often carried out when a regime is threatening the country's stability or during periods of societal unrest. Benito Mussolini was the first generally recognised fascist leader. Dictatorships can be formed by a military coup that overthrows the previous government through force or by a self-coup in which elected leaders make their rule permanent. Cinhil Aymeric Nygel Haldane, 22nd king of Gwynedd who shortly reigned in 1025. What countries are currently ruled by dictatorships? - Quora Like right-wing, it is not a copyrighted term. A semi-presidential (mixed) democracy has a government that needs the majority of support from a legislature to exist and whose head of state is popularly elected for a fixed term. A List of Female Dictators - Daily Kos Latin America's new generation of dictators - DW - 01/12/2022 Dictators are usually backed (especially financially) by groups of powerful people. [54], Asia saw several military dictatorships during the post-classical era. Korea experienced military dictatorships under the rule of Yeon Gaesomun in the 7th century[58] and under the rule of the Goryeo military regime in the 12th and 13th centuries. A dictator may have a team of officials who advise him or her and help keep the government running, but these officials ultimately have very little control or influence. (2010), and further developed and maintained by Cheibub, Gandhi, and Vreeland (2009). His wealth is estimated to be approximately $600 million. The methodology is derived from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, regardless of geopolitical, geographic, ethnic or religious considerations. Equatorial Guinea. Imelda Marcos was the wife of Ferdinand Marcos, who ruled over the . Mao consolidated his control of the People's Republic of China with the Cultural Revolution in the 1960s, which involved the destruction of all elements of capitalism and traditionalism in China. Which countries have dictatorship government? - Sage-Answers These nationalist movements supported non-alignment, keeping most Middle Eastern dictatorships out of the American and Soviet spheres of influence. [72] The societal upheaval caused by World War I and the unstable peace it produced further contributed to instability that benefited extremist movements and rallied support for their causes. As you can see, fascism was at its highest popularity during the 1930's. 1. For democracies, it categorizes them into three types: parliamentary, semi-presidential and presidential democracies. The leader of a dictatorship is called a dictator. Latin American Dictators - Leaders in Complete Control - ThoughtCo Types. The premise of the "people's democratic dictatorship" is that the Chinese Party of China and the state represent and act on behalf of the people, but possess and may use powers against reactionary forces. [8]:455 Some countries (such as Spain, Belgium, Germany, and Israel) require that the vote of no confidence also specify who is going to replace the sitting government to minimize the time without an interim government, essentially replacing one government with another. Those against dictatorship say personal rights are severely restricted, the system is generally based on force and violence, and it demands complete obedience. 10 Absolute Worst African Dictators - Afrikanza The Portuguese were present in some mostly coastal points of the territory of what is now Angola from the 16th century, interacting in diverse ways with the peoples who lived there. The result is that such regimes have no internal checks and balances, and are thus unrestrained when exerting repression on their people, making radical shifts in foreign policy, or starting wars with other countries. [107] The development of the internet and digital communication in the 21st century have prompted dictatorships to shift from traditional means of control to digital ones, including the use of artificial intelligence to analyze mass communications, internet censorship to restrict the flow of information, and troll farms to manipulate public opinion. The dictator of Italy from 1925 to 1945, Benito Mussolini founded the Fascist Party in 1919. Dictatorship: Its Types and Reasons | by Old Times - Medium Factions or divisions among the elites will mitigate their ability to bargain with the dictator, resulting in the dictator having more unrestrained power. The 20th century saw the rise of fascist and communist dictatorships in Europe; fascism was eradicated in the aftermath of World War II in 1945, while communism spread to other continents, maintaining prominence until the end of the Cold War in 1991. Epidemic of First World War After the first world war, countries got disturbed to conduct democratic governments and managements. List of 19 Main Pros and Cons of Dictatorships - ConnectUS If this institution can be effectively controlled by the dictator, it can become avaluable instruments of control over the population. Dictators are incentivized to avoid the use of violence once a reputation of violence is established, as it damages the dictatorship's other institutions and poses a threat to the dictator's rule should government forces become disloyal. Communist dictatorships in the region aligned with China following the latter's establishment as a communist state. Many dictatorships are also characterized by corruption, nepotism, and a cult of personality around the leader. This is understandable, as the terms are very similar. Typically, dictators rise to power when a nation faces significant social issues, such as strong economic crises or unrest among the nation's people. REUTERS/Myo Kyaw Soe. He assumed office in August 1979 and has remained in power since then. "Tyrants, the World's 20 Worst Living Dictators", by David Wallechinsky, ranked Biya together with three others mainly in sub-Saharan Africa: Robert Mugabe of Zimbabwe, Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo of Equatorial Guinea, and King Mswati of Swaziland. If it is, then a further distinction is made between democracies where the head of state is popularly elected and those where the head of state is not popularly elected. Click to visit dictatorship | Definition, Characteristics, Countries Current dictatorships include Zimbabwe, Uzbekistan, and North Korea. The Democracy-Dictatorship Index is seen as an example of the minimalist approach, whereas the Polity data series is more substantive. Under this system, there are three types of dictatorships. After the recent death of Idriss Deby in April 2021, his son Mahamat Deby took over. Which countries have military dictatorship? - Studybuff In personalist dictatorships, the elite corps are usually made up of close friends or family members of the dictator, who typically handpicks these individuals to serve their posts. [98], During World War II, many countries of Central and Eastern Europe had been occupied by the Soviet Union. [101] Albania was established as a communist dictatorship under Enver Hoxha in 1944. What is a Dictatorship? Examples and Characteristics - Study.com There are currently 22 dictators in Africa, some worse than others. Africa has several long-standing dictators despite the fact that the continent as a whole is quite volatile politically. The Countries with Dictatorships in the Modern World As of 2020, there are 52 nations with a dictator or authoritarian regime ruling the country: Three in Latin America and South America, 27 in Asia and the Middle East, and 22 in Africa. Olessia Kirtchik, Mariana Heredia, in International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition), 2015. Between 1950 and 2016, one-party dictatorships made up 57% of authoritarian regimes in the world,[26] and one-party dictatorships have continued to expand more quickly than other forms of dictatorship in the latter half of the 20th century. Dictatorship Countries 2022 - World Populace Mao established the People's Republic of China as a one-party communist state under his governing ideology of Maoism. Early African dictatorships were primarily personalist socialist dictatorships, in which a single socialist would take power instead of a ruling party. However, since they might also give up power willingly, the regime is marked with a type II value to signal potential classification errors where a democratic regime may be falsely classified as dictatorship. (Image Wikipedia) Electoral process and pluralism: 0.00. Adolf Hitler known for his Nazi party and the barbarities and fierceness during his autocracy rule. Mussolini abolished democracy in Italy in 1922 and became a dictator. Ruling parties allow a dictatorship to more broadly influence the populace and facilitate political agreement between party elites. [133] A dictator may negotiate the end of a regime if it has lost legitimacy or if a violent removal seems likely. [74] The Bolsheviks consolidated power by 1922, forming the Soviet Union. [27] One-party rule also developed in several countries in Africa during decolonization in the 1960s and 1970s, some of which produced authoritarian regimes. Fidel Castro was one of the most iconic latin american dictators, who lived in the 20th century. Modern dictatorships first developed in the 19th century, which included Bonapartism in Europe and caudillos in Latin America. Among the 10 dictatorship countries profiled, poverty is endemic. [130] One-party dictatorships are generally more stable and last longer than military or personalist dictatorships. [46], The shift in the power relation between the dictator and their inner circle has severe consequences for the behavior of such regimes as a whole. [1][3] Resorting to democratic concepts by Karl Popper and Joseph Schumpeter, Przeworski defended the minimalist approach, citing Popper that "the only system in which citizens can get rid of governments without bloodshed. [114] The countries of Central Asia did not liberalize after the fall of the Soviet Union, instead forming as dictatorships led by former elites of the Communist Party and then later by successive dictators. Secondly, while the term "dictatorship" is widely understood to include inherent abuse of powerthere is arguably no such thing as a benevolent dictatorhistory offers several examples of autocrats who tried to do what was best for their people. [124], The type of economy in a dictatorship can affect how it functions. Dictatorship Countries And Their Leaders - YouTube [40] Personalist dictatorships often collapse with the death of the dictator. [8]:456. [41], Personalist dictatorships fit the exact classic stereotype of authoritarian rule. In fact, most dictators adopt common appellations such as "President" or "Prime Minister", so they must be identified via their actions and policies rather than their title. [8]:457, The DD dataset is limited to 199 countries after 1946, whereas Boix, Miller, & Rosato, 2013 proposed a data set from 1800 to 2007, covering 219 countries. The totalitarian dictatorship in the People's Republic of China , from 1949 to the present. Qatar - Sheikh Hamad Bin Jassim Bin Jabr Al-Thani Russia - Vladimir Putin, President of Russia Rwanda - Paul Kagame, President of Rwanda Saudi Arabia - King Fahd bin Abdul Aziz, King of Saudi Arabia Somalia - Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, President of Somalia South Sudan - Salva Kiir Mayardit, President With a total area of 2,381,741 square kilometres, 90% of which is desert, Algeria is the tenth-largest country in the world, and the largest in Arab world and Africa and on the Mediterranean. The phrase "fixed term" indicates the once the head of state is chosen, they serve a known and a limited number of years before another election is held, and they cannot be removed from the office in the meantime via a vote of no confidence. Power is enforced through a steadfast collaboration between the government and a highly developed ideology. But for today, these are the world's dictatorships. Terrible things have been done in the name of socialism and here are some of the most rigorous dictators. To enact policy, a dictator must either appease the regime's elites or attempt to replace them. - Quora Answer (1 of 66): I will give the country names as well as who the dictator is. It was initially aligned with Yugoslavia, but its alignment shifted throughout the Cold War between Yugoslavia, the Soviet Union, and China. dictatorship country - Alex Becker Marketing Its territory covers 652,000 km, making it the 41st largest country in the world. [34] When a one-party dictatorship develops gradually through legal means, in can result in conflict between the party organization and the state apparatus and civil service, as the party rules in parallel and increasingly appoints its own members to positions of power. [123] The form of government does not correlate with the amount of economic growth, and dictatorships on average grow at the same rate as democracies, though dictatorships have been found to have larger fluctuations. (2010), Cheibub, Gandhi, and Vreeland developed a six-fold regime classification scheme, resulting what the authors called as the DD datasets. The deadliest dictatorships are discussed below. Many personalist regimes will install open ballots to protect their regimes and implement heavy security measures and censorship for those whose personal preferences do not align with the values of the leader. [95] A similar phenomenon took place in Korea, where Kim Il-sung created a Soviet-backed communist dictatorship in North Korea[96] and Syngman Rhee created a US-backed nationalist dictatorship in South Korea. 1. [23] Military coups do not necessarily result in military dictatorships, as power may then be passed to an individual or the military may allow democratic elections to take place. Political participation: 2.22. [35][36] These dictatorships often emerge either from loosely organized seizures of power, giving the leader opportunity to consolidate power, or from democratically elected leaders in countries with weak institutions, giving the leader opportunity to change the constitution. People who are for dictatorship say it provides for a more stable government, helps abolish corruption, and is more efficient in emergencies.

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